Goffman s Theory Of Self And Effective Medium For Mass...

Personal homepage or company websites are the best ways for sharing data ideas with people which can have unlimited purposes. In 2000, 5.5 Million people were subscribed to â€Å"Geocities† (A page for providing tools to create personal homepages). These personal homepages have opened a unique and effective medium for mass communication. According to Goffman’s theory of â€Å"The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life†, a person tries to control his or her behavior in social situations by making a certain impression of him/her upon others. He links it with a stage performance where the â€Å"impression given† is the impression that a person tries to give in this kind of social situation and â€Å"impression given off† is the impression that is conceived by other people i.e. the audience. On the other hand, the deep web refers to the kind of information that is usually not accessible to the ordinary people although it is present in the databases (Singh, 2002). According to recent estimates, the deep internet is predicted to have hundreds of times more data than that of the easily accessible websites or surface Web (â€Å"White Paper: The Deep Web: Surfacing Hidden Value†, 2001). This paper will describe as to how the deep internet works and what kind of tactics internet users are using to find the data from deep internet lately. The deep internet allows the users to reevaluate the accessible databases based on their broad-based link analysis. Web crawlers are onlyShow MoreRelatedThe Is A Social Product3790 Words   |  16 PagesPresentation of self is something that we are consistently engaging in throughout our daily lives whether we are aware of it or not. We all are capable of having presentation of self strategies that we perform for others. These performances can be influenced strongly from the presence of those around us and the context we find ourselves in (Goffman, 1959; Branaman Lemert, 1997). Goffman states that through these presentations of self performances, our sense of ourselves arises. It is interpretedRead MoreSocial Media s Effect On The Relations And Connections Of Its Users5887 Words   |  24 Pages So, why it becomes a phenomenon? Is it because its self-destructing messages feature? Or due to its ability to reflect the present and use the pictures as a way of talking or instant expression? In my paper, I am trying to grasp how has snapchat changed the relations and conne ctions of its users? Essentially, how can we make our digital mediated conversations closely simulate our real conversations in the context of face to face communication? Thus, by studying the playful matrix and the featuresRead MoreRole of Media in Tourism9761 Words   |  40 Pages   The   Role   of   Media   Communications   in   Developing   Tourism   Policy   and   Cross†Cultural   Communication   for   Peace,   Security   for   Sustainable  Tourism  Industry  in  Africa               Author:  Wilson  Okaka  Ã‚   Lecturer  (Communications  and  Environment  Programmes)   Kyambogo  University  Kampala†(Uganda)   Telephones:  [Office:  256†414†3771775]  Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚  [Mobile:  256†078†2588846]   Email:  nupap2000@yahoo.com                  Paper  Presented  at  the  4th  International  Institute  of  Peace  through   Tourism  (IIPT)  African  Conference  on  Peace  through  Tourism  at  Read MoreHegemony and Discourse : Negotiating Cultural Relationships Through Media Production8970 Words   |  36 Pagesa democratization of the mass media and the development of popular expression’ (Ru ´z, 1994: 176). Ä ± Similarly, women at Banchte Shekha, a women’s organization in Bangladesh, use video to assist in legal-defense efforts, largely involving cases of domestic abuse (Stuart and Bery, 1996: 197–8). These efforts, assisted by an Downloaded from jou.sagepub.com at University Tunku Abdul Rahman on February 22, 2013 310 Journalism 3(3) organization called Communication for Change, focus on allowingRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 PagesNovember 2007  © Dr. Lesley Prince 2007. Organisational Analysis: Notes and Essays Page i Page ii Please do not attempt to eat these notes. CONTENTS Introduction to the Workshop Topics And Themes The Nature and Scope of Organisation Theory Levels of Analysis The Metaphorical Approach Organising Processes Understanding Change Conflict, Negotiation, and the Politics of Change Group and Team Working Cultures and Leaders as Cultural Agents Trust Linking the Themes Introductory Notes

Economic Factors of the Civil War - 1457 Words

The Civil Wars outcome could have gone either way, on one hand you have the North, which had the industrial advantage, and the South on the other who had a home field advantage and better generals too. The war pitted brother against brother and father against son, and lost many wives their sons and or husbands. The victory of the North was due to many economical factors that hindered, and ultimately defeated the South. The North was the industrial part of the country. It depended on its factories for most of its revenues. The factories where mostly textile factories that processed cotton into cloth, then clothing, and processed and made other products. Between 1790 and 1860, commercial agriculture replaced subsistence agriculture in†¦show more content†¦Not many people wanted to deal with the South because of its unknown currency the North had a well-established banking system and therefore could be relied on more than the South. To add to the Southern disadvantages, the North possessed an extensive railroad network, which gave it superiority in transportation. The North had twenty one thousand seven hundred miles of railroad trackage compared to nine thousand in the South (Calkins: 144). Even when the South had food available, soldiers went hungry because of the poor supply lines. The breakdown of the Southern railroad system began early in the war and got worse as the Union troops cut or destroyed the railroad tracks. Transportation in the South collapsed during the Civil War. The Norths water blockade severely hampered the Souths economy. Cotton capitalism had lost out to industrial capitalism. Before the war, the South had been dependent on imports and trade for many everyday things. When the federal blockade began to limit Southern access to these products that included food, medicine and clothing, the Confederate army began to suffer, and their battle ability deteriorated as well. By 1863 the lack of certain essential items became a real morale problem for the South. Food, medicine, uniforms, and ammunition were some of the items in short supply and sacrifice was common among Southerners by now. Some common sacrifices included church bells that where cast into cannons and clothing soShow MoreRelated Social, Economic and Political Factors Involved in the Spanish Civil War969 Words   |  4 PagesSocial, Economic and Political Factors Involved in the Spanish Civil War With reference to any civil war in the 20th century examine the social, economic and political background to the divisions in the society involved. To what extent were the problems which caused the war resolved in the post-war period? The state of Spain during the early years of the 20th century can be said to have been a state of great unease. Spain was one of the first powers to loose her imperialRead MoreA comprehensive study on civil war: models and real cases1000 Words   |  4 Pagescomprehensive study on civil war: models and real cases The history of ethnic civil war consists of ethnic fragmentation appeared along the societal path to globalization. Over time, human enabled a comprehensive study of variables and motives in attempt to theorize a historical pattern of civil war. Two important models, one constructed by Paul Collier and Anke Hoeffler, and the other by James Fearon and David Laitin, provided hypothesis of the causes of civil war based on social, economic and politicalRead MoreTexas1460 Words   |  6 PagesThe political factors that tied into Texas being a Southern state before the Civil War relied heavily on who owned slaves. When the people went out to vote for who they wanted to run the state and local governments, it was generally those who owned slaves that won the elections. This meant that the leadership positions, and the overall ideals of the state, functioned under a â€Å"southern consensus† (230). The elected officials in Texas were all Democrats with pro-slavery positions, and the se DemocratsRead MoreWhy The North Won The Civil War995 Words   |  4 Pagesthe North Won the Civil War? Even after wisely gaining victory over the British during the revolutionary war, problems for America did not stop, the biggest issue of rising sectionalism was yet to be solved. This time the conflict was not with any foreign power, but it was between the northern and southern American states. David Donald, the editor of the book titled, â€Å"Why the North Won the Civil War† attempts to cautiously scrutinize the reasons behind the outcome of the civil war by inspecting majorRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War973 Words   |  4 Pagesignited the tragic, bloody, American Civil War. The Civil War caused brothers to fight against brothers, over 600,000 deaths, and ended slavery. The Confederates, however, did not just too randomly decide to bombard Fort Sumter out of the blue. Prior to the attack, there was many years of tension that had led up to that moment. The cause of the Civil War had a lot more to it than just one reason. The confederates wanted to secede because of sla very, economics, conflicting cultures, and extremismRead MorePurly Imaginative Subject by Gary J. Kornblith933 Words   |  4 Pagesessential factors and coincidental developments†(79). He uses the counterfactual method to present the idea that if Henry Clay had been elected in 1844, which he goes on to prove as plausible, we would be in a much different country. The thesis as a whole is stated as â€Å"†¦ My focus is on a different pair of wars: the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 and the American Civil War of 1861-1865†¦ Rather than project a different military outcome, I posit the absence of the Mexican-American War†¦The key toRead MoreWas Slavery the Only Cause of the Civil War? Essay1293 Words   |  6 PagesOnly Cause of the Civil War? The United States was a divided country long before the Civil War, while some people would argue that slavery was the only cause of the Civil War, it is much more complicated than that. There are many other factors involved, such as irreconcilable differences in terms of their economic, political, and social beliefs on a national scale. Many people including myself had a primitive and unsophisticated view of what caused the Civil War, post war propaganda and moralRead MoreCauses of the American Civil War Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War was caused by a myriad of conflicting pressures, principles, and prejudices, fueled by sectional differences and pride, and set into motion by a most unlikely set of political events. From the colonial period in America where the institution of slavery began, through the period of the revolution whereby blood was shed to validate the notion that all men were created equal (yet slavery existed in all thirteen colonies), to the era of the C ivil War itself, it is undoubtedly clear thatRead MoreSocial Changes During The 1960 S1254 Words   |  6 Pagessocial, political, and economic spectrums. These social changes involved challenges to the conservative status quo of the time. Parts that contributed to this social revolution were new developments in the Feminist Movement, the Civil Rights Movement, and a rebellious counterculture. The political changes of this time period were embodied by the continuation and extension of the Vietnam War, new laws pertaining to civil rights, and the emergence of a the New Left. Economic changes during the 1960’sRead MoreThe End Of The Civil War1568 Words   |  7 PagesThere were many factors that contributed to the beginning of the Civil War. Socially, the North and South were built on very different standards. The North was known as the â€Å"free-states† in which they had more immigrants settling in its boundaries. In the North labor was very much needed, within this time it is important to understand that in terms of labor, labor of slaves was not needed. Not in that way. Therefore, the North was made up of a more industrialized society where most people worked

Comparing The Adventures of Huck Finn by Mark Twain and The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger Essay Example For Students

Comparing The Adventures of Huck Finn by Mark Twain and The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger Essay In this essay, two great American novels are compared: The Adventures of Huck Finn by Mark Twain and The Catcher In The Rye by J. D. Salinger. The Adventures of Huck Finn is a novel based on the adventures of a boy named Huck Finn, who along with a slave, Jim, make their way along the Mississippi River during the Nineteenth Century. The Catcher In The Rye is a novel about a young man called Holden Caulfield, who travels from Pencey Prep to New York City struggling with his own neurotic problems. These two novels can be compared using the Cosmogonic Cycle with both literal and symbolic interpretations. The Cosmogonic Cycle is a name for a universal and archetypal situation. There are six parts that make up the cycle: the call to adventure, the threshold crossing, the road of trials, the supreme test, a flight or a flee, and finally a return. There are more parts they do not necessarily fall into the same order, examples of these are symbolic death and motifs. The Cosmogonic Cycle is an interesting way to interpret literature because is Universal or correlates with any time period and any situation. The Call to Adventure is the first of the Cosmogonic Cycle. It is the actual call to adventure that one receives to begin the cycle. There are many ways that this is found in literature including going by desire, by chance, by abduction, and by being lured by an outside force. In The Adventures of Huck Finn, Huck is forced with the dilemma of whether to stay with his father and continue to be abused or to leave. Huck goes because he desires to begin his journey. In The Catcher In The Rye, Holden mentally is torn between experience and innocence, it would seem to him that an outside force is luring him to do something but in actuality he is beginning his journey because of his desire. The Call to Adventure is the first step in the Cosmogonic Cycle, it is the step at which the character or hero is brought into cycle. The Threshold Crossing is the second step, it is the place or the person that which the character crosses over or through into the Zone Unknown. The Zone Unknown being the place where the journey takes place. The threshold crossing is often associated with a character change or an appearance change. An example of this is in The Wizard of Oz, when the movie goes from black and white to color, showing a visual symbolic death. A symbolic death is another part to the Cosmogonic Cycle of which the character goes through a change and emerges a more complete person or more experienced. In The Adventures of Huck Finn, a symbolic death is very apparent during the scene in which Huck sets up his fathers cabin to look like Huck was brutally murder. Huck emerges as a runway child and now must be careful of what he does, so that he does not get caught. Huck also tells people false aliases for himself so that no one knows his true identity. Every time that he does this he is symbolically dying and reemerges a more experienced person. In The Catcher In The Rye, Holden also uses fake names, but Holden symbolically dies through fainting, changing the position of his red hunting hat, and is associated with bathrooms. The bathroom motif, or the reoccurring appearance of a bathroom, symbolizes death for Holden because he enters bathrooms with a neurotic and pragmatic frame of mind and exits with a cleared mind. The use of symbolic death and motifs is associated with the Threshold Crossing, the second step of the Cosmogonic Cycle. The Road of Trials is the next step in the Cosmogonic Cycle, which are the obstacles which the character faces throughout the literary work. In The Adventures of Huck Finn, Hucks Road of Trials occurs on the Mississippi River. .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 , .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .postImageUrl , .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 , .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7:hover , .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7:visited , .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7:active { border:0!important; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7:active , .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7 .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2ca837c21e3121506b14fd7274df4dd7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Grusha and my story EssayHe faces many obstacles, including moral decisions of right and wrong, dealing with con-artists, and helping a runaway slave. He promulgates more experienced from his journey down the river on his raft. In The Catcher In The Rye, Holdens Road of Trials takes from Pencey Prep to New York City. Holden deals with his own mental hallucinations, cognative disotience, and his desire to stay innocence, his Peter Pan complex. The author does not end the novel with a happy ending, from analyzing Holdens experiences we can assume he emerges a more complete and understanding person once he came to the realization. The road of trials is the third step of the Cosmogonic cycle in which the character or hero faces hardships or endeavors and becomes more complete and experienced. The Supreme Test or the Ultimate Test, is the forth step of the Cosmogonic Cycle where the character or hero is faced with a dilemma of enormous proportions, often found in the Zone of Magnified Power. The Zone of Magnified Power is found within the Zone Unknown but is a place which has mystical and mysterious powers, such as the Emerald City in The Wizard of Oz. Huck is faced with the moral predicament of slavery throughout the entire novel. This test or question continues to arise many times throughout the novel. Huck is torn between right and wrong, in fact he almost turns Jim, the runaway slave, in during his quest on the river. In the end, Jim is captured and Huck decides to free Jim by breaking him out of the confinement. In a sense Huck accomplishes his Supreme Test by doing what he feels is morally right. On the other hand, Holdens Supreme Test is to accept growing up. He does not want to grow up but takes in experience. The novel shows his dilemma through the glass motif, the reoccurring presence of glass, glass being the symbol through which one stops watching through and experiences. He consistently tries to erase the fà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ k yous written everywhere and comes to a realization when he cant erase one because it is out of his reach and behind the glass. The glass motif also appears when his brother, Allie, dies. When he is in the garage, he breaks the glass garage door windows, essentially trying to escape his anger. The consequence is that he ends up more confused than before even though he now has a realization. The Supreme Test is often the high point of a literary work and the character or hero usually receives some kind of reward after being successful. The fifth and sixth parts of the Cosmogonic Cycle, the flight or flee and the return, can be combined into one instance. After the character completes his obstacles and Supreme Test, he is allowed to return to reality, the real world. Huck and Holden are both social misfits and want to escape civilization. Huck chooses to leave and light out for the new territory. On the other hand, Holden has nowhere to light out to, because the Twentieth Century America has no new territory, consequently he is placed in a mental institute. The return home is the reinstitution to reality as a more experienced and whole person. William Wordsworth emphasizes in his Ode to Intimations of Immortality From Recollections of Early Childhood, using the following lines: Though nothing can bring back the hour Of splendour in the grass, of glory in the flower; We will grieve not, rather find Strength in what remains behind; That we must put our idealistic picture of the world behind us and must look at the world behind us and must look at it in a more realistic plane. Children have an innocent perception of the world around them, but as adults we realize the world is not black or white but various colors. The Cosmogonic Cycle can be compared to the metamorphosis which a caterpillar goes through. The caterpillar starts out innocent black and white and goes through stages or obstacles to become a butterfly. The caterpillar emerges colorful as well as more complete and experienced.

The Origin of Solar System free essay sample

A cloud of interstellar gas and/or dust (the solar nebula) is disturbed and collapses under its own gravity. The disturbance could be, for example, the shock wave from a nearby supernova. As the cloud collapses, it heats up and compresses in the center. It heats enough for the dust to vaporize. The initial collapse is supposed to take less than 100,000 years. The center compresses enough to become a protostar and the rest of the gas orbits/flows around it. Most of that gas flows inward and adds to the mass of the forming star, but the gas is rotating.The centrifugal force from that prevents some of the gas from reaching the forming star. Instead, it forms an accretion disk around the star. The disk radiates away its energy and cools off. First brake point. Depending on the details, the gas orbiting star/protostar may be unstable and start to compress under its own gravity. That produces a double star. If it doesnt The gas cools off enough for the metal, rock and (far enough from the forming star) ice to condense out into tiny particles. (i. e. ome of the gas turns back into dust). The metals condense almost as soon as the accretion disk forms (4. 55-4. 56 billion years ago according to isotope measurements of certain meteors); the rock condenses a bit later (between 4. 4 and 4. 55 billion years ago). The dust particles collide with each other and form into larger particles. This goes on until the particles get to the size of boulders or small asteroids. Run away growth. Once the larger of these particles get big enough to have a nontrivial gravity, their growth accelerates.Their gravity (even if its very small) gives them an edge over smaller particles; it pulls in more, smaller particles, and very quickly, the large objects have accumulated all of the solid matter close to their own orbit. How big they get depends on their distance from the star and the density and composition of the protoplanetary nebula. In the solar system, the theories say that this is large asteroid to lunar size in the inner solar system, and one to fifteen times the Earths size in the outer solar system.There would have been a big jump in size somewhere between the current orbits of Mars and Jupiter: the energy from the Sun would have kept ice a vapor at closer distances, so the solid, accretable matter would become much more common beyond a critical distance from the Sun. The accretion of these planetesimals is believed to take a few hundred thousand to about twenty million years, with the outermost taking the longest to form. Two things and the second brake point. How big were those protoplanets and how quickly did they form?At about this time, about 1 million years after the nebula cooled, the star would generate a very strong solar wind, which would sweep away all of the gas left in the pro toplanetary nebula. If a protoplanet was large enough, soon enough, its gravity would pull in the nebular gas, and it would become a gas giant. If not, it would remain a rocky or icy body. At this point, the solar system is composed only of solid, protoplanetary bodies and gas giants. The planetesimals would slowly collide with each other and become more massive.Eventually, after ten to a hundred million years, you end up with ten or so planets, in stable orbits, and thats a solar system. These planets and their surfaces may be heavily modified by the last, big collision they experience (e. g. the largely metal composition of Mercury or the Moon). As science in the western world began to abandon a Judeo-Christian view of creation, beginning about 200 years ago, the trend towards purely naturalistic explanations emerged. Today these views, known as scientism constitute the majority state-religion in our public school systemsif God exists at all He is uninvolved and irrelevant to a ull understanding of the world we live in. (Ref. 1). German philosopher Immanuel Kant in 1755 hypothesized the origin of the solar system as beginning with a rotating gaseous nebula out of which condensed globular bodies that became the sun and planetsall revolving in the same direction. (Ref. 2). Essentially the same theory, now called the nebular hypothesis was proposed by the French mathematician Laplace in 1796. According to this model the hot rotating gas cloud began to cool and contract, and if this were to happen the law of conservation of angular momentum requires a more rapid rate of rotation.This speed up was supposed to have flung off rings which condensed into the planets. James Clerk Maxwell and Sir James Jeans refuted the nebular hypothesis a hundred years later by showing that there was insufficient mass in the rings to provide enough gravitational attraction to form planets. Then, astronomer F. R. Moulton of Chicago called to attention the fact that the planets of our solar system carry 99% of the angular momentum of the solar system, while the sun has 99. 9% of the total mass.The nebular hypothesis couldnt possibly be correct, else the sun would presently be rotating a hundred times faster than it does now (once every 27 days) in order to conserve and distribute the angular momentum of the system correctly. Sir James Jeans and Sir Harold Jeffreys then revived a 1749 proposal of Count Buffon known as the collision hypothesis. A passing star was supposed to have pulled of giant tongues of gaseous matter from the sun. These streamers then presumably broke into small chunks called planetesimals. Chemist Harold Urey, physicist W. A. Fowler, and astronomer Sir Fred Hoyle attempted to make this model workable by suggesting plasmas and magnetic coupling to explain how the suns originally high angular momentum was transferred to the planets. Unfortunately there is no reason for molecules of gas and dust in space to stick together, congeal and cluster under the influence of random, disorderly collisions, the extremely weak force of gravity and the inexorable tendency to disorder dictated by the Second Law of Thermodynamics.There are many other problems that remain unsolved mysteries to this day, for example, one would expect as much as a third of the solar systems mass to reside in the planets and there are puzzling special problems with respect to the distribution of the planets, orbital inclinations and with many of the solar systems 34 moons. Secular science has lost much of its luster in recent years as more and more people have seen that purely materialistic, naturalistic explanations for the origin of the univ erse and of life are almost all bankrupt.A number of outstanding, competent scientists who are also Christians are calling clear attention these days to the sheer impossibility of a universe coming into existence by time plus chance, by any combination of natural processes, apart from the work of an outside Designer, Architect and Master Craftsman. (Ref. 9). See The Limits of Science. Genesis One, plainly read, declares that the earth was formed on Day One of creation week and the sun, moon, stars and planets all on Day Four. This notion is considered ludicrous to virtually all of todays secular cientists, yet Genesis is as fully authoritative as any other book of Holy Writ and invariable sound in the long run when addressing subjects that bear on scientific discovery. The authority of Genesis and the rest of the Bible rests on the integrity and authority of Jesus Christ. So central is the earth in the Biblical model of creation that intriguing models of Geocentricity are still proposed by some competent scientists who take Genesis seriously (Ref. 10). Of course it is difficult to make a convincing case for earth being at the center of the physical universe based solely on modern astronomy. But as far as theology is concerned, earth is the one unique planet where the Son of God chose to become a man. Earth was where He chose to redeem mankind by His death on a cross. In that cross he reconciled all things to himself (Col. 1:19, 20)thereby undoing evil not only on earth but also everywhere else it may exist in the cosmos and among the angels. The account of creation given in Genesis One very much suggests the observer is a man standing on the earth while the events of creation week are taking place.Finally the Son of God has chosen to reign from Jerusalem over a restored earth and from the satellite city, New Jerusalem, over an entirely renewed creationnew heavens and a new earth. The Biblical view of the universe is that it consists of a physical, material world and an unseen but very real spiritual world. The spiritual realm is commonly referred to as the heavenlies in the Biblethe Bible does not use the term supernatural. The heavenlies are inhabited by heavenly hosts, that is by angels.From the New Testament letter to the Hebrews we learn that the physical creation, which we see and touch has its source in unseen, invisible things: Now faith is the assurance (hupostasis = to stand under, i. e. , support, foundation) of things not seen. For by faith the men of old gained divine approval. By faith we understand that the world (aionos = ages, or world) was created (katartizo = to fit, or render complete) by the word (rhemati = the oracles, sayings, or spoken utterances) of God, so that what is seen came into being out of that which is unseen. (Hebrews 11:3)The physical world, the material realm, is perfectly real and solid (not maya, or illusion, as Hinduism supposes), but it is the world of the fading, the transitory, the impermanent, and the perishable. The Biblical view is in some ways similar to the Greek (Platonic) idea of invisible ideas and archetypes which produces resulting forms in the physical world. But there are important differences of course between the Greek and Hebrew world-views. The entire creation we live in is spoken of in the Bible as the old creation, which of course contrasts that creation with a later new creation. Something has gone wrong in the old creation producing death and decay, corruption and disintegration. The old creation is now a ruined creation. Evil has disturbed our universe, interfering with both the realm of the spirit and realm of the physicalwhich includes disruptions in the laws of physics which have taken place since the Seventh Day of Gods work in creation. Evil in the universe has damaged the original close and harmonious coupling between the spiritual and material dimensions of existence.What we now see and observe and experience is not the creation as it was finished at the end of the sixth day, but an aging, dying creation. When any one of us chooses to know God through faith in Jesus His Son, God responds by making us members of a new human race, headed by His Son, Jesus, the Last Adam. He has prepared a place for us to live in forever-a new creation: So we do not lose heart. Though our outer nature is wasting away, our inner nature is being renewed every day.For this slight momentary affliction is preparing for us an eternal weight of glory beyond all comparison, because we look not to the things that are seen but to the things that are unseen; for the things that are seen are transient, but the things that are unseen are eternal. (2 Corinthians 5:6-8) Even if we succeed in mapping the physical universe, we are at a loss when it comes to measuring coordinates of time and space in the heavenly realm. The spiritual world is another dimension of reality (not a mere extension of the physical world into more than four dimensions). The spiritual world ermeates the physical world and that means that heaven is all around us and within usnot far away beyond the most remote galaxy at the edge of space. See Time and Eternity According to Genesis, God first created space, time and matter on the First Day. Then He created light (energy). These four, basic, constituent elements were then used to construct a universe. The physical universe was molded, formed fashioned and filled during six days. The earth was formed in the midst of the primal waters on the First Daythe sun, moon and stars were not fashioned until Day Four. Those who suggest otherwise must force Biblical interpretation well beyond all reasonable bounds (Ref. 11). Creation week was a unique, never-to-be-repeated sequence of events during which time the ordinary laws of physics as we know them now were suspended. Only when Gods creative work was finished was the universe set in motion as a dynamical system. How God does things almost always escapes our ability to discover (Ref. 12). This is especially true of creation week-naturalistic explanations for the solar system cant even begin to retrace Gods artisanship in creation. See especially The Uniqueness of Creation Week.